IMPACT OF ROBUST TREATMENT PLANNING ON SINGLE- AND MULTI-FIELD OPTIMIZED PLANS FOR PROTON BEAM THERAPY OF UNILATERAL HEAD AND NECK TARGET VOLUMES

Impact of robust treatment planning on single- and multi-field optimized plans for proton beam therapy of unilateral head and neck target volumes

Abstract Background Proton beam therapy is promising for the treatment of head and neck cancer (HNC), but it is sensitive to uncertainties in patient positioning and particle range.Studies have shown that the planning target volume (PTV) concept may not be sufficient to ensure robustness of the target coverage.A few planning studies have considered

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Recent Exploration of Solid Cancer Biomarkers Hidden Within Urine or Blood Exosomes That Provide Fundamental Information for Future Cancer Diagnostics

Cancer cells exhibit abnormal behavior compared to normal cells.They ignore growth arrest signals such as contact inhibition, a mechanism that stops their proliferation when they collide korpskaft with surrounding cells, and proliferate in an uncontrolled manner, destroying tissue.Early detection and treatment of cancer are therefore important for

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Co-Creation of Micro-Content Types

In a knowledge society knowledge is dynamic, distributed and dependent on social context.The variety of professional communities of practice (CoP) and their individual knowledge needs camo iphone se case are a challenge for community information systems for learning and knowledge exchange.Social Micro-Learning is an approach that allows the co-crea

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